FINANCIAL
a) Keyness
The lemma ‘financial’ was the eleventh most significant key
word in the BEC corpus.
|
N |
Word |
bec freq. |
bec.lst % |
bnc freq. |
bnc.lst % |
Keyness |
P |
|
11 |
FINANCIAL |
780 |
0.08 |
237 |
0.01 |
765.0 |
0.000000 |
b) Semantic Prosody
Left: Only one real group
identified here, but some instances of positive and negative words are
included. The places group also
included some examples of macro-level demarcation: international and global.
|
semantic prosody |
frequency/ 780
& % |
example |
|
places (where) |
62 - 7.94% |
Asia’s financial
crisis US-based
financial services group Japanese
financial commentator |
|
positive |
12 - 1.53% |
high quality
financial advice sophisticated
financial planning |
|
negative |
10 - 1.28% |
ailing financial
industry weak financial
sector |
Right: Six groups identified.
|
semantic prosody |
frequency/ 780
& % |
example |
|
people/groups of people |
71- 9.1% |
financial advisers financial analysts financial controller |
|
time |
29 - 3.71% (year - 27 / month - 2) |
the financial year the financial month |
|
companies/institutions |
67 - 8.46% |
financial conglomerate financial institutions |
|
documents |
64 - 7.82% |
financial report financial statement |
|
negative |
59 - 7.56% |
financial meltdown financial difficulties financial mess |
|
macro-level demarcation |
77- 9.87% |
financial sector financial community financial markets |
c) Three-word
clusters
|
N |
cluster |
Freq. |
|
1 |
of the financial |
40 |
|
2 |
consolidated financial statements |
24 |
|
3 |
the financial statements |
19 |
|
4 |
cnn financial news |
18 |
|
5 |
financial working group |
15 |
|
6 |
in the financial |
15 |
|
7 |
the financial markets |
13 |
|
8 |
the financial services |
13 |
|
9 |
the financial times |
12 |
|
10 |
the financial working |
12 |
|
11 |
the financial year |
12 |
|
12 |
notes to consolidated |
11 |
|
13 |
to consolidated financial |
11 |
|
14 |
for the financial |
9 |
|
15 |
the financial and |
8 |
|
16 |
and the financial |
7 |
|
17 |
internal financial control |
7 |
|
18 |
the end of |
7 |
|
19 |
to the financial |
7 |
|
20 |
and control systems |
6 |
|
21 |
financial and other |
6 |
|
22 |
financial planning and |
6 |
|
23 |
financial services industry |
6 |
|
24 |
in the uk |
6 |
|
25 |
of notes to |
6 |
|
26 |
of the company |
6 |
|
27 |
planning and control |
6 |
|
28 |
selected financial data |
6 |
|
29 |
term financial performance |
6 |
|
30 |
the consolidated financial |
6 |
|
31 |
and financial services |
5 |
|
32 |
by the financial |
5 |
|
33 |
chief financial officer |
5 |
|
34 |
end of the |
5 |
|
35 |
financial control systems |
5 |
|
36 |
financial services authority |
5 |
|
37 |
financial statements and |
5 |
|
38 |
financial times newspaper |
5 |
|
39 |
legal and financial |
5 |
|
40 |
one of the |
5 |
|
41 |
that financial year |
5 |
|
42 |
the financial control |
5 |
|
43 |
the financial position |
5 |
|
44 |
uk financial markets |
5 |
|
45 |
accompanying notes to |
4 |
|
46 |
and consolidated financial |
4 |
|
47 |
and financial institutions |
4 |
|
48 |
and other information |
4 |
|
49 |
as a financial |
4 |
|
50 |
at the end |
4 |
|
51 |
data and consolidated |
4 |
|
52 |
financial control style |
4 |
|
53 |
financial data and |
4 |
|
54 |
financial position of |
4 |
|
55 |
of internal financial |
4 |
|
56 |
of the group |
4 |
|
57 |
on the financial |
4 |
|
58 |
results of operations |
4 |
|
59 |
see accompanying notes |
4 |
|
60 |
system of internal |
4 |
|
61 |
the financial controller |
4 |
|
62 |
the financial crisis |
4 |
|
63 |
the financial sector |
4 |
|
64 |
the uk financial |
4 |
d) Macro-generic
distribution
e) Colligation
Only 1 sense given in COBUILD (relating to or involving
money)
100% of sample
Patterns: Adjective: usually adjective-noun
Other patterns:
i) As can be seen from the number
of semantic prosodic groups and the number of associates, the word financial attracts a great number of
other words and groups of words to itself. Many compound nouns were not
included in the prosody section above but are mentioned here to show the
variety of terms found:
financial service/s: 55
instances - 7.05% of sample
financial statements 52
instances - 6.66% of sample
financial control/s: 35
instances - 4.48% of sample
financial performance: 21
instances - 2.69% of sample
financial news: 19
instances - 2.4% of sample
Examples given here of
financial performance:
ii) noun phrases including ‘and’
46 instances - 5.89% of sample
capital expenditure
and financial investment, property and financial markets, budget and financial
plan, commercial and financial activities
iii) financial + noun at sentence
end position:
111 instances - 14.23% of sample
iv) financial + noun at
clause end position in sentence:
111 instances - 14.23% of sample
v) Together, these make 222 instances - 28.46% of sample.
vi) financial + negative noun
59 instances - 7.56% of sample
A somewhat surprising aspect of this word is the frequency
with which it co-occurs with unpleasant things:
financial meltdown, financial difficulties,
financial mess
f) Associates
|
N |
WORD |
NO. OF FILES |
AS % |
|
1 |
FINANCIAL |
33 |
100.00 |
|
2 |
BUSINESS |
13 |
39.39 |
|
3 |
COMPANY |
12 |
36.36 |
|
4 |
GROUP |
10 |
30.30 |
|
5 |
MARKETS |
9 |
27.27 |
|
6 |
OF |
9 |
27.27 |
|
7 |
CASH |
8 |
24.24 |
|
8 |
SHARE |
8 |
24.24 |
|
9 |
WILL |
8 |
24.24 |
|
10 |
MANAGEMENT |
8 |
24.24 |
|
11 |
PROFIT |
8 |
24.24 |
|
12 |
CORPORATE |
7 |
21.21 |
|
13 |
YEAR |
7 |
21.21 |
|
14 |
ACCOUNTING |
7 |
21.21 |
|
15 |
COMPANIES |
7 |
21.21 |
|
16 |
ASSETS |
6 |
18.18 |
|
17 |
NET |
6 |
18.18 |
|
18 |
BANK |
6 |
18.18 |
|
19 |
MARKET |
6 |
18.18 |
|
20 |
ITS |
6 |
18.18 |
|
21 |
SHARES |
6 |
18.18 |
|
22 |
TAX |
6 |
18.18 |
|
23 |
TERM |
6 |
18.18 |
|
24 |
OUR |
6 |
18.18 |
|
25 |
ACTIVITIES |
6 |
18.18 |
|
26 |
THE |
6 |
18.18 |
|
27 |
EXECUTIVE |
6 |
18.18 |
|
28 |
BANKS |
6 |
18.18 |
|
29 |
AIRLINES |
5 |
15.15 |
|
30 |
REPORTING |
5 |
15.15 |
|
31 |
SALES |
5 |
15.15 |
|
32 |
PER |
5 |
15.15 |
|
33 |
PLAN |
5 |
15.15 |
|
34 |
DATA |
5 |
15.15 |
|
35 |
STRATEGIC |
5 |
15.15 |
|
36 |
SYSTEMS |
5 |
15.15 |
|
37 |
COMPANY'S |
5 |
15.15 |
|
38 |
CUSTOMERS |
5 |
15.15 |
|
39 |
BUSINESSES |
5 |
15.15 |
|
40 |
CAPITAL |
5 |
15.15 |
|
41 |
FOR |
5 |
15.15 |
|
42 |
BASIS |
5 |
15.15 |
|
43 |
MARKETING |
5 |
15.15 |
|
44 |
INVESTMENT |
5 |
15.15 |
|
45 |
INVESTMENTS |
5 |
15.15 |
|
46 |
GROWTH |
5 |
15.15 |
|
47 |
ANNUAL |
5 |
15.15 |
|
48 |
OPERATING |
5 |
15.15 |
|
49 |
OR |
5 |
15.15 |
|
50 |
MAY |
5 |
15.15 |
|
51 |
EARNINGS |
5 |
15.15 |
|
52 |
DIRECTORS |
5 |
15.15 |