{"id":1684,"date":"2023-08-13T13:25:48","date_gmt":"2023-08-13T10:25:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/?p=1684"},"modified":"2023-08-13T14:47:18","modified_gmt":"2023-08-13T11:47:18","slug":"nya-kalendern","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/sv\/2023\/08\/13\/nya-kalendern\/","title":{"rendered":"Nya kalendern"},"content":{"rendered":"

“Trettio dagar har november, april, juni och september.
\nFebruari tjugo\u00e5tta all\u00e9n.
\nAlla \u00f6vriga trettioen.”<\/p>\n

Nu f\u00e5r det vara nog med detta larv. Dagens \u00e4kta datum hittar du h\u00e4r<\/a>.
\n<\/b><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Jag vill ers\u00e4tta v\u00e5r uttj\u00e4nta kalender med denna:<\/p>\n

\"Kalender<\/p>\n

Enkel, eller hur? Varenda m\u00e5nad har exakt fyra veckor. Det finns 1-2 skottdagar i slutet av \u00e5ret. Ny\u00e5r \u00e4r vid vinterns kortaste dag (den 23 december 00:00 enligt gamla kalendern).<\/p>\n

Varf\u00f6r?<\/h3>\n

13 m\u00e5nader som \u00e4r fyra veckor l\u00e5nga \u00e4r faktiskt ingen ny id\u00e9<\/a>. Det \u00e4r det uppenbara s\u00e4ttet att dela upp \u00e5ret. Problemet har best\u00e5tt av att f\u00e5 reformen genomf\u00f6rd.<\/p>\n

Vill du veta vilken dag julen faller p\u00e5? Fredagen. Alltid.<\/p>\n

Vill du veta hur m\u00e5nga dagar det \u00e4r till jul? Om det t. ex. \u00e4r den 7 augusti? N\u00e5, det \u00e4r fyra m\u00e5nader (12-8) och 18 dagar (25-7) kvar. Allts\u00e5 130 dagar (4*28+18). Inte l\u00e4tt att r\u00e4kna, men \u00e4nd\u00e5 m\u00f6jligt<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Vad g\u00e4ller 0 som f\u00f6rsta dag i m\u00e5naden, s\u00e5 har denna debatt p\u00e5g\u00e5tt sedan siffror uppfanns. Midnatt \u00e4r klockan 0, inte klockan 1. V\u00e5r tider\u00e4kning b\u00f6rjar d\u00e4remot fr\u00e5n \u00e5r 1, vilket ledde till visst gnabb<\/a> vid millenieskiftet. Noll \u00e4r l\u00e4ttare n\u00e4r man r\u00e4knar, och d\u00e5 kan vi \u00e4ven beh\u00e5lla 1-12 f\u00f6r m\u00e5naderna januari-december.<\/p>\n

Varf\u00f6r inte?<\/h3>\n

Om vi idag skapade en kalender fr\u00e5n grunden, finns inte en chans<\/strong> att vi skulle skapa den nuvarande r\u00f6ran. Dumpa varierande antal dagar i olika m\u00e5nader? L\u00f6jligt. Men det sagt.. vi har hunnit bli vana, och att \u00e4ndra p\u00e5 n\u00e5t s\u00e5 ingrott \u00e4r sv\u00e5rt. Klarar vi av att g\u00f6ra det?<\/p>\n

G\u00e4rna skulle jag vilja svara: naturligtvis. V\u00e5r nuvarande kalender \u00e4r en uppdaterad version av den gamla Julianska kalendern (som f\u00f6rnyade den romerska kalendern). Men \u00e5 andra sidan, s\u00e5 tog det \u00e5rhundraden att f\u00e5 den genomf\u00f6rd<\/a>. Till och med n\u00e5t s\u00e5 sj\u00e4lvklart som att slopa sommartiden<\/a> tycks g\u00e5 tr\u00f6gt.<\/p>\n

Ut\u00f6ver f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringsmotst\u00e5nd s\u00e5 finns inga goda sk\u00e4l att beh\u00e5lla v\u00e5r nuvarande kalender. Vi fick den som belastning av historiska sk\u00e4l. N\u00e4r vi till slut genomf\u00f6r en reform, s\u00e5 tar det inte l\u00e4nge att v\u00e4nja sig med det nya.. och d\u00e5 undrar vi varf\u00f6r vi l\u00e4t det dr\u00f6ja s\u00e5 l\u00e4nge.<\/p>\n

Praktiska fr\u00e5gor<\/h3>\n

Hur omvandlar jag datum?<\/h4>\n

L\u00e5t datorn sk\u00f6ta det. Men f\u00f6r de som \u00e4r intresserade, s\u00e5 g\u00e5r det faktiskt ganska l\u00e4tt. R\u00e4kna antalet dagar fr\u00e5n den 23 December 00:00. Dela med 28 s\u00e5 f\u00e5r du m\u00e5naden. Resten ger dagen.<\/p>\n

# Med R \u00e4r det s\u00e5 h\u00e4r l\u00e4tt\r\ndagar = as.Date(\"2023-08-09\") - as.Date(\"2022-12-23\")\r\ndagar = as.numeric(dagar)\r\nm\u00e5nad = floor(dagar \/ 28)\r\ndag = dagar %% 28\r\n<\/pre>\n
# Lika l\u00e4tt med Python\r\nfrom datetime import datetime, timedelta\r\ndagar = (datetime(2023, 8, 9) - datetime(2022, 12, 23)).days\r\nm\u00e5nad = dagar \/\/ 28\r\ndag = dagar % 28<\/pre>\n
N\u00e4r fyller jag \u00e5r?<\/h4>\n
Jag f\u00f6ddes den 29 maj. S\u00e5dant datum finns inte i den nya kalendern. S\u00e5 det blir nog att fira p\u00e5 motsvarande datum i nya kalendern, 17 maj.<\/p>\n
Om du f\u00f6ddes mellan 1-27 dagen: gratulerar! Du kan v\u00e4lja vilket datum (det gamla eller det nya) du firar p\u00e5. Eller varf\u00f6r inte fira p\u00e5 b\u00e5da \ud83d\ude42?<\/p>\n
Hur uttalar man de nya datumen?<\/h4>\n
Mitt f\u00f6rslag: sjutton maj eller maj sjutton. Inte sjuttonde. Eftersom vi ej heller s\u00e4ger “f\u00f6rsta timmen” n\u00e4r vi menar “klockan 1”.<\/p>\n
Den f\u00f6rsta dagen i varje m\u00e5nad \u00e4r jag os\u00e4ker p\u00e5. Noll maj?<\/p>\n
Men n\u00e4r det g\u00e4ller uttal, s\u00e5 g\u00e5r jag nog med str\u00f6mmen. Ifall alla kallar “0 maj” f\u00f6r “f\u00f6rsta maj”, varde s\u00e5.<\/p>\n
M\u00e5nad 0 heter “niviari” eftersom det sn\u00f6ar d\u00e5.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
“Trettio dagar har november, april, juni och september. Februari tjugo\u00e5tta all\u00e9n. Alla \u00f6vriga trettioen.”<\/p>\n
Nu f\u00e5r det vara nog med detta larv.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6396,"featured_media":1687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allman"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6396"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1684"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1702,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1684\/revisions\/1702"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/users.utu.fi\/taesho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}